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1.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1431754

ABSTRACT

Los riesgos teratogénicos ocasionados por la exposición intrauterina a fármacos antiepilépticos (FAE) son conocidos, por lo que su prescripción se mantiene bajo estricto control. Describir los efectos adversos fetales de la exposición a FAE durante la gestación, reportados en la literatura durante el período 2016-2022. Revisión sistematizada de estudios que reportaron los efectos adversos fetales inducidos por la exposición a FAE en mujeres embarazadas en tratamiento por diagnósticos neurológicos, principalmente de epilepsia. La búsqueda se realizó en PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Lilacs y SciELO. Se identificaron 37 artículos distribuidos en 13 países de Asia, Europa, América del Norte y Oceanía. Se observaron resultados perinatales adversos, tanto físicos como cognitivos, en la mayoría de los estudios. Los fármacos identificados como los más utilizados en los últimos años fueron valproato, topiramato, carbamazepina, lamotrigina y levetiracetam. Los FAE tienen potencial teratogénico en distintos grados de riesgo, provocando anomalías congénitas o efectos adversos en múltiples sistemas del cuerpo humano, siendo los sistemas nervioso, circulatorio y osteomuscular los más afectados.


The teratogenic risks caused by intrauterine exposure to antiepileptic drugs (AED) are known, so their prescription is kept under strict control. To describe the fetal adverse effects AED exposure during gestation, reported in the literature during the period 2016-2022. Systematized review of studies that reported fetal adverse effects induced for the exposure to AED in pregnant women in treatment for neurological diagnoses, mainly epilepsy. The search was carried out in PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Virtual Health Library, Lilacs and SciELO. 37 articles distributed in thirteen countries in Asia, Europe, North America and Oceania were identified. Adverse perinatal outcomes, both physical and cognitive, were observed in most studies. The most common drugs identified were valproate, topiramate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine and levetiracetam. AED have teratogenic potential in different degrees of risk, causing congenital anomalies or adverse effects in multiple systems of the human body, being the nervous, circulatory and musculoskeletal systems the most affected.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications/chemically induced , Epilepsy/chemically induced , Fetal Diseases/chemically induced , Anticonvulsants/adverse effects , Teratogens , Abnormalities, Drug-Induced , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn, Diseases
2.
Medisan ; 26(2)abr. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1405800

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El desarrollo alcanzado por la teratología como ciencia y las observaciones clínicas efectuadas por los científicos, permitieron establecer sus principios, representados por una serie de factores que determinan la capacidad de un agente de provocar trastornos congénitos, los cuales resultan actualmente de gran utilidad e importancia en la formación del profesional de la salud y repercuten en el Programa de Atención Materno Infantil. Objetivo: Describir los agentes teratógenos asociados a la aparición de defectos congénitos. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica acerca de los agentes teratógenos y sus posibles efectos teratogénicos en las bases de datos LILACS, SciELO, Clinicalkey y Google Académico, así como en la plataforma Biblioteca Virtual en Salud. Resultados: Las consecuencias de la exposición al teratógeno dependen, entre otras cosas, del momento en que se encuentre el proceso de gestación. Existen múltiples agentes teratógenos y algunos factores de riesgo que frecuentemente concomitan con ellos, por lo que se deben considerar en la prevención primaria para disminuir alteraciones y defectos congénitos por estas noxas ambientales. Consideraciones finales: El conocimiento de los efectos de los agentes teratógenos permite valorar el posible daño al feto.


Introduction: The development reached by teratology as science and the clinical observations made by the scientists, allowed to establish their principles, represented by a series of factors that determine the capacity of an agent to cause congenital dysfunctions, which are at the moment of great utility and importance in the training of health professional and rebound in the Infantile Maternal Care Program. Objective: To describe the teratogen agents associated with the appearance of congenital defects. Methods: A literatura review was carried out about the teratogen agents and their possible teratogenic effects in the LILACS, SciELO, Clinicalkey databases and Academic Google, as well as in the platform Virtual Library in Health. Results: The consequences of the exhibition to the teratogen depend, among other things, of the moment in which is the gestation process. There are multiple teratogen agents and some risk factors that frequently concomitan with them, for what should be considered in the primary prevention to diminish alterations and congenital defects for these environmental noxas. Final considerations: The knowledge of the effects of the agents teratogen allows to value the possible damage to the fetus.


Subject(s)
Congenital Abnormalities , Teratogens , Pregnancy
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(4): 1108-1116, 2022. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1405227

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Letrozole is mainly used for the treatment of unexplained infertility, breast cancer and polycystic ovarian syndrome, with secondary use in ovarian stimulation. In cases of unexpected or unknown pregnancy during the use of letrozole, letrozole may cause a teratogenic effect on the fetus. In this reason, in this study, we aimed to determine the effect of letrozole on fetal bone development. In this study, 32 pregnant Wistar albino rats were used. The rats were divided into four groups: Control (saline) and high; 0.3 mg/kg, medium; 0.03 mg/kg, low; 0.003 mg/ kg letrozole. Saline and letrozole were administered in 100 mL solutions by intraperitonaly from day 11 to day 15 of pregnancy. The skeletal system development of fetuses was examined with double skeletal staining, immunohistochemical staining methods and mineral density scanning electron microscopy. A total of 100 fetuses from female rats, 25 in each group, were included in the study. As a result of that, ossification rates were observed to decrease depending on the dose of letrozole in the forelimb limb (scapula, humerus, radius, ulna) and hindlimb (femur, tibia, fibula) limb bones. As a result of the statistical analysis, a statistically significant decrease was found in the ossification rates of all bones between the control group and low, medium, high letrozole groups (p<0.001). Exposure to letrozole during pregnancy adversely affected ossification and bone growth. However, the teratogenic effects of letrozole are unclear. Therefore, it needs to be investigated more extensively.


RESUMEN: Letrozol se usa principalmente para el tratamiento de la infertilidad inexplicable, el cáncer de mama y el síndrome de ovario poliquístico, con estimulación ovárica de uso secundario. En casos de embarazo inesperado o desconocido durante el uso de letrozol, puede causar un efecto teratogénico en el feto. Por esta razón, en este estudio, nuestro objetivo fue determinar el efecto de letrozol en el desarrollo óseo fetal. Se utilizaron 32 ratas albinas Wistar preñadas las cuales se distribuyeron en cuatro grupos: Control (solución salina) y alta; 0,3 mg/kg, medio; 0,03 mg/kg, bajo; 0,003 mg/kg de letrozol. Se administró solución salina y letrozol en soluciones de 100 mL por vía intraperitoneal desde el día 11 hasta el día 15 de la preñez. El desarrollo del sistema esquelético de los fetos se examinó con tinción esquelética doble, métodos de tinción inmunohistoquímica y microscopía electrónica de barrido de densidad mineral. Se incluyeron en el estudio un total de 100 fetos de ratas hembra, 25 en cada grupo. Como resultado, se observó que las tasas de osificación disminuían dependiendo de la dosis de letrozol en los huesos de los miembros torácicos (escápula, húmero, radio, ulna) y de las miembros pélvicos (fémur, tibia, fíbula). Se encontró una disminución estadísticamente significativa en las tasas de osificación de todos los huesos entre el grupo control y los grupos de letrozol bajo, medio y alto (p<0,001). La exposición a letrozol durante la preñez afectó negativamente la osificación y el crecimiento óseo. Sin embargo, los efectos teratogénicos del letrozol no están claros por lo que debe ser investigado más extensamente.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Teratogens/pharmacology , Bone Development/drug effects , Fetal Development/drug effects , Letrozole/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Osteogenesis/drug effects , Staining and Labeling/methods , Immunohistochemistry , Rats, Wistar , Letrozole/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
4.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 40(10): 750-757, Oct. 2020. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1143407

ABSTRACT

Determining if reproductive failures in ewes at the semiarid region in the state of Bahia are related to the consumption of the species Cenostigma pyramidale (Tul.) Gagnon & G.P. Lewis, and this study was developed using pregnant ewes divided into six groups: G1, G2, G3, G4 with six animals each, G5 and G6 with ten animals. Each group received fence leaves in the proportion of 1%, 2%, 0.5%, and 0.25% of live weight (LW) respectively; G5 and G6, with ten animals each, receiving 0.25% and 0.5% of the LW, respectively, and the Control Group, comprising 16 ewes, were grass feeding (Cynodon dactylon). Ewes from G1 to G4 were the same, except for two, and started ingestion of the plant four days after ending of natural mating on the 80th day of gestation, while those regarding from G5 to G6 groups started ingestion on the 26th day of gestation ending on the 98 day. The ultrasonographic test was performed weekly. In G1 ewes (1%), there was an embryonic loss on the 32nd and 39th days of gestation and abortion on the 46th day. In G2 (2%), the embryo loss was earlier (on the 26th day of gestation), and abortion on the 46th day of gestation. In G3 group (0.5%), there was an embryonic loss around the 40th day of gestation. In G4 group (0.25%), it was observed the occurrence of one death lamb with bone malformations. In G6 (0.5%), abortion occurred later (108 days), followed by retained placenta. This was also verified in G5 group (0.25%). The presence of fetal malformation was found in death lambs born in G4 group, born alive from G5 and G6 groups, and one aborted from G6. In G5 and G6 groups, there were also genetic alterations on surviving lambs. In addition to these results, recurrent estrus was observed without gestation in G1, G2, G3, and G4 ewes. From the Control Group, 13 normal lambs were born without genetic alterations; furthermore, concerning a quadruple birth, three lambs were born dead. The results infer that species of C. pyramidale in low doses causes reproductive losses in pregnant ewes, therefore it is not recommended for sheep diet over the first 60 days of gestation.(AU)


Para determinar se falhas reprodutivas em ovelhas na região semiárida da Bahia estão relacionadas ao consumo de Cenostigma pyramidale (Tul.) Gagnon & G.P. Lewis, foi realizado um estudo utilizando-se ovelhas prenhes divididas em seis grupos e dois Grupos Controle. Os grupos G1, G2, G3 e G4 com seis animais cada. Cada grupo recebeu folhas fenadas na proporção de 1%, 2%, 0,5% e 0,25% do peso vivo (PV) respectivamente; G5 e G6, com 10 animais cada, que receberam 0,25% e 0,5% do PV respectivamente. Os Grupos Controle foram alimentados com ração e capim (Cynodon dactylon). Ovelhas dos grupos 1 a 4 iniciaram ingestão da planta quatro dias após monta natural com término aos 80 dias de gestação, enquanto as dos grupos 5 a 6 iniciaram ingestão no 26º dia de gestação com término aos 98 dias. Avaliação ultrassonográfica foi realizada semanalmente. Nos animais do G1 (1%), verificou-se perda embrionária aos 32 e 39 dias de gestação, e aborto aos 46 dias. Nos do G2 (2%) a perda embrionária foi mais precoce (26 dias), e aborto aos 46 dias. No G3 (0,5%), houve perda embrionária em torno dos 40 dias. No G4 (0,25%), verificou-se ocorrência de natimorto com malformações aos 150 dias de gestação. No G6 (0,5%) o aborto ocorreu mais tardiamente (108 dias), seguido de retenção de placenta. Essa ocorrência também foi verificada no G5 (0,25%). A presença de malformação fetal foi encontrada em fetos natimorto do G4, nascidos vivos do G5 e G6, e um abortado do G6. No G5 e G6 também foram observadas alterações de aprumos em cordeiros sobreviventes. Do Grupo Controle nasceram 13 borregos normais, porém uma ovelha apresentou gestação quádrupla com três natimortos. Os resultados inferem que C. pyramidale fenada em baixas doses causa perdas reprodutivas em ovelhas gestantes, não sendo por isso recomendada para a dieta de ovelhas durante os primeiros 60 dias de gestação.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Plant Poisoning/veterinary , Teratogens , Abortion, Veterinary/etiology , Sheep, Domestic/abnormalities , Embryo Loss/etiology , Fabaceae/poisoning
5.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(3): 719-728, May-June, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1128887

ABSTRACT

Este estudo investigou a toxicidade pré-natal do inseticida piriproxifeno em ratos Wistar, de forma a detectar possíveis alterações no desenvolvimento fetal da progênie exposta durante o período organogênico. Três doses de piriproxifeno (100, 300 e 500mg.kg-1) foram administradas por via oral às progenitoras, do sexto ao 15º dia de gestação. Os fetos foram submetidos à técnica de diafanização modificada descrita por Taylor e Van Dyke, para avaliação de malformações e alterações esqueléticas. Os resultados não demonstraram a ocorrência de toxicidade materna sistêmica ou alterações nos índices reprodutivos avaliados. Malformações ou alterações teratogênicas não foram detectadas, no entanto alterações esqueléticas sugestivas de retardo no desenvolvimento foram observadas especialmente nas doses mais altas testadas (300mg.kg-1 e 500mg.kg-1). Considerando-se a situação complexa de risco para a saúde humana, mostra-se importante a execução de investigações adicionais, de modo a contribuir para a adequada avaliação de risco do piriproxifeno em água potável.(AU)


This study investigated the prenatal toxicity of the insecticide pyriproxyfen in Wistar rats to detect the possible changes in the fetal development of the progeny exposed during the organogenic period. Three doses of pyriproxyfen (100, 300, and 500mg.kg-1) were administered orally to the progenitors, from day 6 to 15 of gestation. The fetuses were processed using the Taylor and Van Dyke modified diaphanization technique to evaluate malformations and skeletal changes. The results did not demonstrate the occurrence of systemic maternal toxicity or changes in the reproductive indexes evaluated. Malformations or teratogenic changes were not detected, however, skeletal changes suggestive of developmental delay were observed, especially in the highest doses tested (300 mg.kg-1 and 500 mg.kg-1). Owing to the potentially complex situation regarding its risk to human health, it is important that further studies be performed to contribute to the risk assessment of the addition of pyriproxyfen in drinking water.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Pesticides/adverse effects , Pyridines , Teratogens/analysis , Fetal Development/drug effects , Rats, Wistar/embryology , Zika Virus , Microcephaly/veterinary
6.
Hist. ciênc. saúde-Manguinhos ; 27(1): 15-32, jan.-mar. 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1090496

ABSTRACT

Resumo O artigo analisa como o periódico Jornal do Médico, editado na cidade do Porto, em Portugal, divulgou o desastre da talidomida. A pesquisa percorreu as páginas da fonte desde o início de 1960 até o final de 1962. Aqui, objetivam-se apontar e discutir duas questões interligadas: a morosidade em publicar matérias sobre os efeitos deletérios do medicamento, vendido no país sob a denominação Softenon®, e a construção discursiva da isenção da responsabilidade do médico no fenômeno da iatrogenia medicamentosa.


Abstract This article analyzes the way the Porto-based journal Jornal do Médico reported on the thalidomide disaster. The pages of the publication are researched from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1962 with the aim of identifying and discussing two interconnected questions: the delay in publishing news on the harmful effects of the drug, which was sold in the country under the brand name Softenon®, and the discursive construction of a lack of accountability on the part of physicians for the phenomenon of medication iatrogenesis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , History, 20th Century , Periodicals as Topic/history , Teratogens/history , Thalidomide/history , Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/history , Advertising/history , Portugal/epidemiology , Thalidomide/adverse effects , Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/epidemiology , Editorial Policies , Drug and Narcotic Control/history , Stillbirth , Fetus/drug effects , Sleep Aids, Pharmaceutical/adverse effects , Sleep Aids, Pharmaceutical/history
7.
Int. j. morphol ; 36(3): 1087-1094, Sept. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-954235

ABSTRACT

Catha edulis Forsk leaves (Khat) is a flowering plant. A high proportion of the adult population in the Arabian Peninsula and the Horn of Africa chews it for its mild stimulant effect. The aim of the current study was to investigate the embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of the Khat extract using 60 female pregnant rats. These were divided to a Khat extract-treated group and a control group. Methanolic extract of Khat was orally given to the treated group 4 days before mating and up to day 16 of pregnancy with a dose of 100 mg/kg. Our results showed that significant number of embryos of the Khat-treated mothers were malformed and different in size and shape compared to embryos from the mothers of the control group. At day 8 of pregnancy, malformed embryos had ill developed primitive layers. By day 10 of pregnancy, neural tube and the somite were not formed compared to the control embryos. At later stages of pregnancy, embryos of the Khat-treated mothers appeared severely abnormal with opened neural groove and visceral pouches. Disrupted normal neural tube development, undifferentiated brain vesicles, incomplete closure of the brain flexures were also observed in these embryos. Highly significant increase in the number of the resorbed embryos of the Khat-treated mothers were observed (P < 0.01). The resorbed embryos appeared as a cellular collection in their placenta with some of their decidua had no visible embryonic tissues. In conclusions, Khat induced embryotoxic effects as well as severely affected the early normal embryonic development in rat.


Catha edulis (Khat) es una planta floreciente. Una alta proporción de la población adulta en la Península Arábiga y el Cuerno de África la mastica por su efecto estimulante. El objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar los efectos embriotóxicos y teratogénicos del extracto de Khat utilizando 60 ratas hembras preñadas. Estas se dividieron en un grupo tratado con extracto de Khat y un grupo control. El extracto metanólico de Khat se administró por vía oral al grupo tratado 4 días antes del apareamiento y hasta el día 16 de preñez con una dosis de 100 mg / kg. Los resultados mostraron que una cantidad significativa de embriones de las madres tratadas con Khat tenían malformaciones y eran diferentes en tamaño y forma en comparación con los embriones de las madres del grupo control. En el día 8 de preñez, los embriones malformados tenían capas primitivas mal desarrolladas. Para el día 10 de preñez, el tubo neural y el somito no se formaron en comparación con los embriones del grupo control. En etapas posteriores de la preñez, los embriones de las madres tratadas con Khat parecían severamente anormales con surcos neurales abiertos y bolsas viscerales. También se observaron alteraciones en el desarrollo normal del tubo neural, vesículas cerebrales indiferenciadas y el cierre incompleto de las flexiones cerebrales en estos embriones. Se observó un aumento altamente significativo en el número de embriones reabsorbidos de las madres tratadas con Khat (P <0,01). Los embriones reabsorbidos aparecieron como una colección celular en su placenta con algunas de sus deciduas sin tejidos embrionarios visibles. Khat indujo efectos embriotóxicos y afectó severamente el desarrollo embrionario normal temprano en la rata.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Rats , Plant Extracts/toxicity , Catha/chemistry , Embryo, Mammalian/drug effects , Teratogens , Rats, Sprague-Dawley
8.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 52(2): 241-250, jun. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-949338

ABSTRACT

La Spirulina maxima (SP) tiene efectos farmacológicos protectores por su contenido de ficobiliproteínas que están relacionados con su actividad antioxidante. La hidroxiurea (HU) es un fármaco antineoplásico, citotóxico y teratógeno que implica la inducción del estrés oxidativo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar si la SP y su extracto acuoso de proteína (SPE) protegen contra el efecto citotóxico de HU en cultivos celulares primarios a partir de embriones de ratón de once días. Los efectos de SP, SPE e HU sobre la viabilidad celular se determinaron por el ensayo de fluorescencia de resazurina en cultivos celulares de embriones completos de ratones de once días, de encéfalo y de brotes de extremidades anteriores. Se demostró que ni SP ni su extracto provocaron efectos citotóxicos en ninguna concentración ensayada, por lo que se aumentaba la viabilidad celular. Se encontró que las células expuestas a HU de embriones completos y encéfalo mostraron mayor toxicidad que las células de los miembros anteriores. La SP y el SPE protegieron contra la citotoxicidad de HU de una manera dependiente de la concentración hasta 48 h después de la exposición al fármaco. Este efecto podría ser adecuado para prevenir la muerte celular que deriva en un proceso teratogénico, atribuido a sus propiedades antioxidantes.


Spirulina maxima (SP) has protective pharmacological effects that are related to the antioxidant activity due to its phycobiliprotein content. Hydroxyurea (HU) is an antineoplastic, cytotoxic and teratogenic drug, which involves the induction of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine whether SP and its aqueous protein extract (SPE) protect against the cytotoxic effect of HU in primary cell cultures from mouse embryos. The effects of SP, SPE, and HU on cell viability were determined by resazurin fluorescence assay in whole embryo cell cultures, encephalon, and eleven-day-old forehead bud outbreaks. It was shown that neither SP nor its extract caused cytotoxic effects at any concentration tested, increasing cell viability. It was found that cells exposed to HU of whole embryos and encephalon showed higher toxicity than cells of the previous limbs. SP and SPE protected HU cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner up to 48 hours after exposure to the drug. This effect could be adequate to prevent cell death resulting in a teratogenic process attributed to its antioxidant properties.


Spirulina maxima (SP) tem efeitos farmacológicos protetores devido a seu conteúdo de ficobiliproteínas, que estão relacionadas com sua atividade antioxidante. A hidroxiureia (HU) é uma droga antineoplásica, citotóxica e teratogênica, que envolve a indução do estresse oxidativo. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar se a SP e seu extrato aquoso de proteína (SPE) protegem contra o efeito citotóxico da HU em culturas celulares primárias a partir de embriões de camundongo de onze dias. Os efeitos de SP, SPE e HU na viabilidade celular foram determinados pelo ensaio de fluorescência de resazurina em culturas celulares de embriões inteiros de camundongos de onze dias, de encéfalo e de surtos de extremidades anteriores. Demonstrou-se que nem a SP nem seu extrato causaram efeitos citotóxicos em qualquer concentração testada, aumentando a viabilidade celular. Verificou-se que as células expostas à HU de embriões completos e encéfalo mostraram maior toxicidade do que as células dos membros anteriores. SP e SPE protegem contra a citotoxicidade de HU de forma dependente da concentração até 48 h após a exposição ao medicamento. Esse efeito poderia ser adequado para prevenir a morte celular, que resulta em um processo teratogênico atribuído a suas propriedades antioxidantes.


Subject(s)
Mice , Teratogens , Spirulina , Hydroxyurea , Toxicology , Brain , Oxidative Stress , Embryonic Structures , Phycobiliproteins , Primary Cell Culture , Antioxidants
9.
Rev. med. Risaralda ; 24(1): 14-22, ene.-jun. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-902088

ABSTRACT

Resumen: determinar la asociación entre factores sociodemográficos, exposición a teratógenos y enfermedad materna, con la presencia de malformaciones congénitas en un centro de tercer nivel de la región centro occidental de Colombia durante el año 2013. Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico tipo casos y controles. Se analizaron variables maternas y del recién nacido, las cuales se presentaron como frecuencias y proporciones y se evaluaron usando las pruebas de Chi2(x2) y exacta de Fisher. Para determinar la asociación entre cada variable se calculó el Odds Ratio (OR) crudo, y Odds Ratio (ORa) ajustado para las variables que presentaron una diferencia estadísticamente significativa, posterior a esto se encontró mediante test de razón de verosimilitud que no habían diferencias importantes entre el modelo completo y el reducido, mostrando entonces valores de un modelo más parsimonioso, con un test de bondad de ajuste Hosmer-Lemeshow 0.19. Resultados: Las variables sociodemográficas edad y ocupación materna, se hallaron como factor de riesgo para desarrollar malformaciones congénitas OR=7.7 (2.4 - 24.5) y OR=2,01 (1,1-3,7) respectivamente. Además en la historia obstétrica se encontró mayor riesgo al tener ganancia de peso mayor al ideal con OR=3.0a (1.3-6.7) y una ganancia de peso menor a lo ideal OR= 2.3a(1.1-4.5) y como factores protectores ser hijo del mismo padre y fácil concepción con OR=0,37C (0,2-0.8) P=0.007 y OR=0,20a (0,1-0,7), Conclusión: la edad mayor de 35 años, trabajar fuera y ganancias de peso mayores o inferiores a lo ideal, fueron los principales factores de riesgo para malformaciones congénitas en este estudio y la fácil concepción se encontró como factor protector para dicha condición del neonato.


Objective: to determine the association between sociodemographic factors, exposure to teratogens and maternal disease, with the presence of congenital malformations in a third-level center in the central western region of Colombia during the year 2013. Methods: An analytical case-control study was conducted And controls. We analyzed maternal and newborn variables, which were presented as frequencies and proportions and were evaluated using Chi2 (x2) and Fisher’s exact tests. To determine the association between each variable we calculated the Odds Ratio (OR) crude, and Odds Ratio (ORa) adjusted for the variables that presented a statistically significant difference, after this it was found by test of likelihood ratio that no differences were found Important between the complete and the reduced model, showing values of a more parsimonious model, with a goodness-of-fit test Hosmer-Lemeshow 0.19. Results: sociodemographic variables age and maternal occupation were found to be a risk for developing congenital malformations OR= 7.7 (2.4-24.5) and OR=2.01 (1.13-3.69), respectively. In the obstetric history, greater risk was found to have greater weight gain than the ideal with OR = 3.0a (1.3-6.7) and a weight gain lower than the ideal OR = 2.3a (1.1-4.9) and as protective factors being Child of the same father and conceive easy OR = 0.37C (0.2-0.8) P = 0.007 and OR = 0.20a (0.1-0.7), Conclusion: Age over 35 years, work outside and A weight gain greater than ideal, or weight gain less than ideal, are major risk factors for congenital malformations found in this study, easy conception is found as a protective factor for congenital malformations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Congenital Abnormalities , Odds Ratio , Risk Factors , Teratogens , Case-Control Studies , Risk , Colombia , Protective Factors , Occupations
10.
Rev. MED ; 25(2): 63-73, jul.-dic. 2017. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-977035

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La incidencia de cáncer durante la gestación es de 1: 1000 a 2000 embarazos, siendo los más frecuentes el de cérvix, mama, ovario, melanoma, tiroides, colon y hematológicos como linfoma y leucemia. A pesar de ser una entidad poco frecuente en el embarazo, se ha visto una tendencia a aumentar en los últimos años debido al incremento progresivo de la edad materna en el momento de la concepción. El carcinoma gástrico es una patología aún menos frecuente, siendo su incidencia durante la gestación de aproximadamente 0.016% a 0.026% en las series de casos de Japón, país con la mayor prevalencia de enfermedad. La cirugía es el tratamiento oncológico menos controversial durante la gestación. En los últimos años, ha cobrado importancia la quimioterapia adyuvante con antineoplásicos de tipo antimetabolito como el 5 fluoracilo (5 - FU), medicamento que ha demostrado mejoría de la supervivencia en pacientes gestantes con adenocarcinoma gástrico. Desafortunadamente, el 96.7% de los casos son diagnosticados en estadios avanzados, pues su presentación clínica suele confundirse con las manifestaciones propias de la primera mitad de la gestación como son las nauseas y el vomito. Presentamos dos casos clínicos, el de una gestante de 34 años con embarazo de 19 semanas y 3 días al momento del diagnóstico de un carcinoma gástrico Bormann III, llevada a laparotomía con intención curativa a las 21 semanas con hallazgo intraoperatorio de enfermedad metastásica avanzada y tumor ovárico izquierdo sugestivo de tumor de Krukenberg, a quien se le inicia a las 23 semanas quimioterapia paliativa con esquema FOLFIRI el cual recibió hasta la finalización de la gestación a las 33 semanas por restricción del crecimiento intrauterino y posteriormente durante el puerperio; y el de una gestante de 31 años con embarazo de 26 semanas y 6 días quien se ingresa para estudio de emesis persistente durante la gestación con confirmación diagnóstica de adenocarcinoma gástrico Bormann III asociado a Restricción del crecimiento intrauterino que fue llevada a cesárea a las 34 semanas y en el puerperio a gastrectomía total con vaciamiento ganglionar del area celiaca y reconstrucción en Y de Roux. El objetivo de realizar estos reportes surge de la carencia de guias de manejo respecto a dicha entidad durante la gestación debido a la poca frecuencia de presentación de la misma. Es frecuente encontrar discrepancias entre los conceptos en cuanto a conductas médicas se refiere. Disponemos de reportes y series de casos que orientan el manejo hacia un enfoque interdisciplinario dirigido a sopesar los riesgos y beneficios derivados de implementar o no un tratamiento durante la gestación siendo pocos los casos exitosos reportados en la literatura.


ABSTRACT Incidence of cancer during pregnancy is 1 in 1000. The most frequent carcinomas are the cervix, breast, ovaries, melanoma, thyroid, colon and hematological such as lymphoma and leukemia. Although cancer is not frequently associated with pregnancy, there has been a tendency to increase in recent years due to the progressive increase in maternal age at conception. Gastric carcinoma during pregnancy is a rare pathology, with an incidence of 0.016% to 0.026% in the series of cases from Japan, one of the countries with the greatest prevalence of this disease. Surgery is the least controversial type of oncologic treatment during pregnancy. In the last years, the adjuvant chemotherapy with antimetabolite drugs like the 5-fluoracile has gained relevance because it has demonstrated to improve survival in pregnant patients with gastric carcinoma. Unfortunately, the 96.7% of cases are diagnosed in advanced states because its symptoms can be misinterpreted as pregnancy induced nausea and vomiting characteristic of first half of pregnancy. We present two Clinical cases. The case of a 34 years old pregnant woman with 19 weeks and 3 days of gestation at the time of diagnosis of a gastric carcinoma in Bormann III stage, she was laparotomized with curative intentions at 21 weeks of gestation with intraoperative findings consistent with advanced metastatic disease and left-sided ovarian tumor suggestive of Krukenberg tumor. At 23 weeks palliative chemotherapy with FOLFIRI was initiated and it was continued until the end of gestation at 33 weeks and later in the puerperium; and the case of a 31 years old pregnant woman with 26 weeks and 6 days of gestation, she was admitted for the study of persistent vomiting during pregnancy with diagnostic confirmation of gastric adenocarcinoma Bormann III associated with intrauterine growth restriction, she was carried cesarean at 34 weeks. In the postpartum she was carried total gastrectomy with lymph node dissection of the celiac area and Roux-Y reconstruction. The objective of this report arises from the absence of clinical randomized studies about the management of this entity during pregnancy in consequence of the few cases available in the literature. This has been a cause of discrepancies between medical staff regarding therapeutics. There are some available literature series and case reports that guide management to a multidisciplinary approach in pursuit of more benefits and less risk in the context of the pregnant patient, with little cases reported as successful.


RESUMO A incidência de câncer durante a gravidez é de 1 em 1000. Os carcinomas mais freqüentes são o colo do útero, mama, ovários, melanoma, tireóide, cólon e hematológicos, como linfoma e leucemia. Embora o câncer não seja freqüentemente associado à gravidez, houve tendência de aumento nos últimos anos devido ao aumento progressivo da idade materna na concepção. O carcinoma gástrico durante a gravidez é uma patologia rara, com incidência de 0,016% a 0,026% na série de casos do Japão, um dos países com maior prevalência desta doença. A cirurgia é o tipo menos controverso de tratamento oncológico durante a gravidez. Nos últimos anos, a quimioterapia adjuvante com fármacos antimetabolitos como a 5-fluoracile ganhou relevância porque demonstrou melhorar a sobrevida em gestantes com carcinoma gástrico. Infelizmente, os 96,7% dos casos são diagnosticados em estados avançados porque seus sintomas podem ser mal interpretados, pois a náusea e os vômitos induzidos pela gravidez são característicos da primeira metade da gravidez. A presentamos dois casos clínicos. O caso de uma mulher grávida de 34 anos com 19 semanas e 3 dias de gestação no momento do diagnóstico de carcinoma gástrico no estádio Bormann III, foi laparotomizada com intenções curativas às 21 semanas de gestação com achados intraoperatórios consistentes com doença metastática avançada e tumor de ovário esquerdo sugestivo de tumor de Krukenberg. Às 23 semanas, iniciou-se a quimioterapia paliativa com FOLFIRI e continuou até o final da gestação às 33 semanas e mais tarde no puerpério; e o caso de uma mulher grávida de 31 anos com 26 semanas e 6 dias de gestação, foi admitida para o estudo de vômitos persistentes durante a gravidez com confirmação diagnóstica de adenocarcinoma gástrico Bormann III associado à restrição de crescimento intra-uterino, foi realizada cesariana às 34 semanas. No pós-parto foi transportada gastrectomia total com dissecção dos linfonodos da área celíaca e reconstrução Roux-Y. O objetivo deste relatório decorre da ausência de estudos clínicos randomizados sobre o manejo dessa entidade durante a gravidez em conseqüência dos poucos casos disponíveis na literatura. Esta foi uma causa de discrepâncias entre a equipe médica em relação à terapêutica. Existem algumas séries de literatura disponíveis e relatos de casos que orientam o gerenciamento para uma abordagem multidisciplinar em busca de mais benefícios e menos risco no contexto da paciente grávida, com pequenos casos relatados como bem sucedidos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Stomach Neoplasms , Teratogens , Drug Therapy , Fetal Growth Retardation
11.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 89(1,supl): 635-647, May. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886672

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The development of DBA/2J mouse strain embryos is nearly 12 h - or 6 somite pairs - delayed as compared to the outbred NMRI mouse embryos of the same age on gestation days (GD) 8-12. To evaluate inter-strain differences in susceptibility to teratogens, dams were treated with methylnitrosourea (MNU, 5 mg/kg body weight i.p.) on defined gestation days (NMRI: GD 9, 91/2 or 10; DBA/2J: GD 10 or 101/2). Skeletal anomalies produced by MNU on both mouse strains varied with the GD of treatment. The pattern of anomalies produced by MNU on a given GD markedly differed between the two mouse strains, yet they were similar -with a few exceptions- when exposures at equivalent embryonic stages are compared. Findings from this study indicated that strain-dependent differences in the developmental stage of mouse embryos of the same gestational age occur, a possibility that has been often neglected when inter-strain differences in susceptibility to developmental toxicants are interpreted.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Rats , Skeleton/abnormalities , Teratogens/toxicity , Somites/abnormalities , Embryonic Development/drug effects , Embryo, Mammalian/abnormalities , Methylnitrosourea/toxicity , Skeleton/drug effects , Skeleton/embryology , Somites/drug effects , Somites/embryology , Embryo, Mammalian/drug effects , Mice, Inbred DBA
13.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 20(1): 67-72, jan-abr. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1054

ABSTRACT

A gestação é um período único e especial na vida de cada mulher, no qual ocorre uma série de modificações no organismo feminino, tanto do ponto de visto físico como do ponto de vista psíquico, que começam na primeira semana e continuam durante todo o período de gestação. Essas modificações ocasionam uma série de desconfortos (dores musculares, enjoos, vômitos, e constipação) que interferem no estado físico e emocional da gestante. Na busca por aliviá-las muitas gestantes buscam consumir produtos de origem natural por acreditarem que eles não fazem mal. Nessa busca, a crença de que é "natural" é sinônimo de "seguro" tornam o consumo de plantas medicinais atraente para muitas gestantes, que ao consumirem esses produtos, muitas vezes, sem orientação médica ou farmacêutica, acreditam não existir riscos ao embrião/feto e para si mesmas. Isso faz com que o uso medicinal de plantas seja comum na gestação. Porém, existem evidências científicas que muitas substâncias presentes nas plantas medicinais oferecem riscos durante a gestação. Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar, por meio de uma revisão de literatura em bases de acesso livre e em língua portuguesa, quais as espécies que podem acarretar algum risco durante a gestação. A literatura disponível para a população em geral evidenciou que diversas espécies são capazes de oferecer risco durante a gestação por apresentarem potencial embriotóxico, teratogênico e abortífero.


Pregnancy is a unique and special time in every woman's life, in which there is a number of physical and psychological changes in the female body, starting from the first week and continuing throughout the entire pregnancy. These changes cause a lot of discomfort (muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, and constipation) interfering in the physical and emotional state of the mother. In the search for relieving such pains, many pregnant women seek to use natural products because of their belief that they do no harm. In this quest, the belief of what is "natural" is a synonym to "safe" make the consumption of such products attractive to many pregnant women, frequently without any medical or pharmaceutical advice, believing there is no risk to the embryo/fetus and for herself. However, there is scientific evidence that many substances in medicinal plants pose risks during pregnancy. In this context, this study aimed to investigate, through a literature review in open access databases and in Portuguese, which species can entail some risk during pregnancy. The literature data available to the general population showed that several species are able to offer risk during the pregnancy because they have embryotoxic, teratogenic and abortive potential.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Plants, Medicinal/adverse effects , Pregnant Women , Teratogens , Abortion
14.
Diagn. tratamento ; 21(2): 70-73, jun. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-784403

ABSTRACT

Contexto: Relata-se caso de aplasia cutânea congênita, doença rara caracterizada por áreas de pele ausente já ao nascimento. Descrição do caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, de cinco anos de idade, com quatro áreas de alopecia cicatricial próximas à linha mediana do couro cabeludo. Paciente nascido de parto normal a termo, sem comorbidades, sem antecedentes familiares de lesões semelhantes e com adequado desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. A mãe do paciente relata ter sido tratada com metimazol durante toda a gestação devido a hipertireoidismo. Discussão: A etiopatogenia da aplasia cutânea congênita não é bem esclarecida, podendo ser de ocorrência esporádica ou herança autossômica dominante, bem como estar relacionada a fármacos teratogênicos (metimazol, ácido valproico, carbimazol, misoprostol e heparina de baixo peso molecular). Os locais mais comumente afetados são o couro cabeludo, especialmente próximo ao vértice. A apresentação pode variar de lesões cicatriciais até ausência completa de todas as camadas da pele, inclusive com comprometimento do crânio e meninges subjacentes. As principais complicações são sangramentos, tromboses e infecções de estruturas meníngeas. Quando o acometimento cutâneo é maior, pode ser realizada exérese da área com fechamento por primeira ou segunda intenção. Defeitos grandes podem necessitar de retalhos cutâneos. No caso em questão, a substituição do metimazol pelo propiltiouracil durante a gestação poderia ter evitado a ocorrência da aplasia. Conclusões: A aplasia cutânea congênita é rara e pode estar associada a importantes malformações cranianas. Alguns casos podem ter complicações potencialmente graves. Destaca-se a importância da substituição do metimazol pelo propiltiouracil durante a gestação como medida preventiva.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child, Preschool , Propylthiouracil , Scalp , Teratogens , Craniofacial Abnormalities , Alopecia
15.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 38(3): 127-131, Mar. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-781454

ABSTRACT

Purpose The purpose of this study is to verify the use ofmedicinal plants by pregnant women treated at four Basic Health Units and at a public maternity facility in Brazil s northeast. Methods This is a cross-sectional, quantitative study, performed between February and April 2014. The subjects were 178 pregnant women, aged 18 to 42 years. To collect data, a structured questionnaire with dichotomous and multiple choice questions was used. To verify the correlation between the variables, Pearson s chi-square test was used. Results The study showed that 30.9% of the pregnant women used medicinal plants, and boldo was the most cited (35.4%). All the plants utilized, except lemongrass, have toxic effects in pregnancy, according to Resolution SES/RJ N° 1757. There was no statistically significant correlation between social class and use of medicinal plants. Conclusion The health of the study participants and their unborn children is at risk due to the inappropriate use of medicinal plants.


Objetivo Verificar o perfil de uso de plantas medicinais por gestantes atendidas em quatro Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família e em uma maternidade pública da cidade de Campina Grande - PB, na região Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos Estudo transversal, quantitativo, desenvolvido no período de Fevereiro a Abril de 2014. Foi incluída uma amostra com 178 gestantes com idade entre 18 e 42 anos. O instrumento de coleta foi um questionário estruturado com perguntas dicotômicas e de múltipla escolha. Para verificar a associação entre as variáveis estudadas, utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson. Resultados Foi constatado que 30,9% das gestantes utilizavam plantas medicinais, sendo o boldo a mais citada (35,4%). Entre as plantas utilizadas com alta frequência pelas gestantes, todas, com exceção apenas da Erva-Cidreira (Melissa officinalis), apresentavam possíveis efeitos tóxicos para a gestação, segundo a Resolução SES/RJ N° 1757. Ao comparar a classe social e o uso de plantas medicinais, não observou-se relação significante. Conclusões A saúde das grávidas que fazem uso de plantas consideradas medicinais, assim como a de seus filhos, sofrem riscos devido ao uso inadequado destas plantas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Abortifacient Agents/therapeutic use , Plants, Medicinal , Teratogens , Abortifacient Agents/adverse effects , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
16.
Journal of the Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health ; : 112-118, 2016.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-58340

ABSTRACT

Human embryology is the study of development from a single cell to a baby in 9 months. Implantation occurs at the end of the first week of development. The second week of development is known as the week of 2's. Gastrulation, the most characteristic event occurring in the third week, establishes three germ layers composed of ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. The three germ layers and neural crest cells lead to the development of their own tissues and organs during the embryonic period, which extends from the third to the eighth week. Major congenital malformations occur in the embryonic period. The fetal period, from the third month to the day of birth, is the time for maturation of tissues and organs, and growth of the body. Because of the close relationship between embryology and congenital abnormalities, knowledge of human development is essential to assess the effects on the embryo when the mother has been exposed to teratogens. This paper briefly reviews the normal embryonic development and associated congenital malformation.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Congenital Abnormalities , Ectoderm , Embryology , Embryonic Development , Embryonic Structures , Endoderm , Gastrulation , Germ Layers , Human Development , Mesoderm , Mothers , Neural Crest , Neurulation , Parturition , Teratogens
17.
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases ; (12): 47-49, 2016.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-282985

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the toxicity and teratogenicity of 2, 2-dinitroethene-1, 1-diamine (FOX-7) in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>125 adult SD rats were randomly divided into five groups, which are negative control (0 mg/kg) , positive control (280 mg/kg aspirin) , and three dose groups (5, 15, and 45 mg/kg) . They were administrated by gavage once a day from the 5th days to 19th days after pregnancy. The weight changes and toxicity of pregnant rats are recorded within the study, and the skeleton and internal organs malformations are detected by the recommended methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 5 or 6 days being poisoned, the pregnant rats appear significantly toxicity symptoms, such as exciting, irritability, and so on. The net weight raise in high dose group is less than the negative group, while the numbers of dead foetus in median and high dose groups are both more than that of negative group. Comparing with the negative group, the body weight and body lenghth of foetus rats in median and high dose groups, and the tail lenghth in high dose group are lower significantly. There are no external malformations in negative group and three dose groups. However, the foetus of high dose group appear significant skeleton and internal organs malformation prevalences that are significant more than negative group, including lateral cerebral ventricles enlarged, which accounts for 9.17%, occipital bone lost, which accounts for 2.59%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FOX-7 can induced maternal reproductive toxicity, foetus toxicity and teratogenicity hazards to rats.</p>


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Rats , Body Weight , Nitro Compounds , Toxicity , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Teratogens , Toxicity , Toxicity Tests
18.
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases ; (12): 50-52, 2016.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-282984

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the embryo toxicity and the teratogenicity of DNAN in rats and provide basic data to occupational protection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>120 adult female SD rats and 60 male rats are mating for 1: 1, and the pregnant rats were randomly divided into five groups by the pregnant time. The negative control group are gavaged with 4% starch, and the three experiment groups are gavaged with DNAN suspension with the dose of 5 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg and 45 mg/kg respectively, while the positive control give aspirin of 280 mg/kg. All rats of the five groups are administrated gavage from gestation day 5 (GD5) to GD19 continuously. The rats are dislocated in GD20, and the toxicity of embryo and toetus are detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The net weight growth in all three dose group are less than that of negative group, while the dead foetus in high dose group is more than negative group. Moreover, the body weight, body lenghth, tail lenghth and the anal genital distance of foetus rats in high dose group are all less than that of negative group. The foetus external malformations of three dose groups appear no significant compared with negative group.However, the prevalences of skeleton malformation in high dose group and the internal organs malformation in the median and high dose group appear significant higher than that of negative group. There are significantly maternal reproductive toxicity, embryo toxicity and toetus toxicity in positive group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DNAN can induced maternal reproductive toxicity, embryo toxicity and the teratogenicity to rats.</p>


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Pregnancy , Rats , Anisoles , Toxicity , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Teratogens , Toxicity , Toxicity Tests
19.
Med. lab ; 22(3-4): 191-198, 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-907800

ABSTRACT

Resumen: el misoprostol es un análogo de la prostaglandina E1 con diversas utilidadesterapéuticas incluyendo el tratamiento de la úlcera péptica. En el campo de la obstetricia es ampliamente utilizado para la inducción del trabajo de parto en escenarios específicos, abortos médicos e incluso emergencias obstétricas como el sangrado posparto. Su amplia distribución en el mercado farmacéutico ha llevadoa que sea usado de manera indiscriminada con fines abortivos, desconociendo su potencial teratogénico durante la gestación. En este manuscrito se presenta el caso de un recién nacido, hijo de madre de 17 años, expuesto prenatalmente a misoprostol en dosis de 1.000 mcg vía vaginal y 1.800 mcg vía oral entre las semanas cuatro y 16 de gestación, que presentaba marcadas malformaciones articulares clínicamente compatibles con el síndrome de Larsen, entidad caracterizadapor la presencia de dislocaciones de cadera, rodilla y codos, y deformidades en pie equino varo; además de hipertelorismo, frente prominente y puente nasal deprimido. Después de un estudio clínico y paraclínico se descartaron las posibles entidades genéticas y se demostró que las anomalías presentadas eran una fenocopia del síndrome de Larsen causadas por el efecto teratogénico del misoprostol.En conclusión, el misoprostol es un medicamento teratogénico contraindicado durante el embarazo, que causa un amplio espectro de anomalías congénitas que producen fenocopias de diversas entidades genéticas. Esta situación hace que el paciente expuesto requiera un abordaje y estudio adecuado para llegar a un diagnósticoetiológico correcto que lleve a la mejor conducta terapéutica, con manejo inter y multidisciplinario.


Abstract: misoprostol is an analogue of prostaglandin E1 with various therapeutic utilities, including treatment for peptic ulcer. In the obstetrics field is widely used for induction of labor in specific scenarios, medical abortions, and even obstetric emergencies, such as postpartum bleeding. Its wide distribution in the pharmaceuticalmarket has facilitated another indiscriminate uses like non-medical abortion,ignoring their teratogenic potential during gestation. In this manuscript, it present the case of a newborn, born to a mother of 17 years, who was exposed prenatally to a misoprostol dose of 1,000 μg by vaginal route and 1,800 μg per mouth, between weeks four and 16 of gestation, that showed marked articular malformations clinically compatible with Larsen syndrome. This entity is characterizedby the presence of dislocations of the hip, knee and elbows, deformitiesin equine foot Varus, in addition to hypertelorism, prominent forehead, and depressed nasal bridge. After a clinical study are discarded the possible genetic entities and it was demonstrated that the abnormalities were a imitation of Larsen syndrome caused by the teratogenic effect of misoprostol. In conclusion, misoprostolis a teratogenic drug contraindicated during pregnancy that causes a broad spectrum of congenital abnormalities that can cause imitation of several entities of genetic origin. This situation makes that exposed patient requires an appropriateapproach and clinical study to reach a correct a etiological diagnosis, leading to a better therapeutic approach with an inter and multidisciplinary management.


Subject(s)
Humans , Congenital Abnormalities , Misoprostol , Pregnancy , Teratogens
20.
Medisan ; 19(12)dic.-dic. 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-770952

ABSTRACT

En el desarrollo del sistema osteomioarticular desempeñan una función determinante los mecanismos morfogenéticos básicos: inducción, migración, proliferación, diferenciación y apoptosis, los cuales son detectados por la acción de diversos agentes teratógenos que ocasionan la aparición de diversas anomalías, que también pueden ser provocadas por mutaciones en genes específicos como los de caja homeótica, por factores de crecimiento fibroblástico y por sus receptores. A causa del aumento de la incidencia de estas alteraciones a nivel mundial, y específicamente en la provincia de Santiago de Cuba, en los últimos años, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para profundizar acerca de las malformaciones congénitas de dicho sistema, su origen, sus características y la forma de prevenirlas. Se concluyó que algunos de los teratógenos más perjudiciales son muy utilizados en Cuba y existe desconocimiento en los sectores más vulnerables de la población acerca de este tema.


In the development of the osteomyoarticular system, the basic morphogenetical mechanisms play an important role: induction, migration, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, which are detected by the action of different teratogenic agents which cause the emergence of diverse anomalies, that can also be caused by mutations in specific genes as those of the homeotic skeletal cage, by factors of fibroblastic growth and by their receptors. Due to the increase in the incidence of these changes at world level and specifically in Santiago de Cuba province, in the last years, a literature review was carried out to deepen on the congenital malformations of this system, their origin, their characteristics and the way of preventing them. It was concluded that some of the most harmful teratogens are very used in Cuba and ignorance exists in the population's most vulnerable sectors about this topic.


Subject(s)
Congenital Abnormalities , Musculoskeletal System , Teratogens
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